Réponse :

The inequalities between the populations of poor and rich countries are not limited to income disparities. They concretely translate into very different living conditions, particularly with regard to basic goods such as access to drinking water, food, health, education, housing or new technologies. The Human Development Index (HDI) is constantly increasing everywhere. This index was 0.694 in 2012, against 0.561 in 1980.

As our data show, on the whole, the improvement in living conditions is undeniable, the evolution of the world situation is everywhere positive. The situation of the poorest is improving even in the countries of the South, and in particular in Africa, often cited as an example for its developmental delays. In sub-Saharan Africa, the share of inhabitants without drinking water rose from 51% in 1990 to 37% in 2011.

The inhabitants of the vast majority of developing countries have seen their living conditions improve, and not only in emerging countries, despite a massive increase in the world’s population, especially in the poorest countries.

Access to water is increasing not only in Africa. The poor have better access to drinking water: in 2011, 89% of the world's population, or six billion people, had access to drinking water, compared to 76% in 1990 (four billion people). The number of undernourished people is also decreasing: 842 million people were affected in 2013, against one billion in 1992. The share of hungry people fell from 19% in the early 1990s to 12% in 2013. Life expectancy at birth increases. It was 68.7 years (men and women combined) in 2010, against 46.9 years in the early 1950s. The least developed countries also follow this trend. Between 1999 and 2010, the proportion of children in school rose from 82 to 89% in primary education and from 52 to 63% in secondary education.

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