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J'ai un oral d'anglais et je voudrais savoir si mon texte traduit comporte encore des erreurs svp
The revolt of the Irish Catholics against Oliver Cromwell led in 1649 a brutal repression and the establishment of Penal laws intended to discriminate them. Among this series of measures, the Property Act established that Catholic lands, instead of being passed on to the eldest son, were to be divided among all the sons of the same family, resulting in a significant decline in farm size and increasing vulnerability of their farmers. To survive, the Irish cultivated mostly potatoes that required little space to grow. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the relative prosperity of the countryside with a mild climate allowed a plot to feed a family properly and the population that in 1801 was between 4 and 5 million. On the other hand, many peasants did not own their land and had to pay rent to a Protestant and British landlord.
Ireland has been a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain Act of Union since 1800, so the organization of public aid is the responsibility of the British Government in London. But the 1840s mark in Britain the triumph of liberal ideology, that of free trade and laissez-faire in economics. The leaders are therefore quite hostile to too much state interventionism. Around 1840 the population density is 84 inhabitants per square km. The population knows a strong growth of 1.6% per year from where a population passing in fifty years from 6 million to 8 million inhabitants. From then on, the plots were too small to feed a family. Farmers who represent the bulk of the population are mostly poor. Indeed, the lands belong to large non-resident Protestant landlords who rent them at high rates.
In the nineteenth century Ireland is home to a relatively wealthy population and this will have a consequence on the measures adopted during the Great Famine.
To what extent the Great Famine can be described as a political, economic and social disorder?
In 1845, "mildew", spreads on Irish crops. Indeed, this parasitic fungus presumably transported by ships coming from North America, reaches Northwest Europe in the summer of 1845. The weather conditions of that summer (rain and wind) contribute to the spread of disease. Its proliferation is rapid, and moisture allows its massive extension to most of the potato plants, food that was once one of the essential foods of homes of the time. Parasitized by late blight, the tuber of the potato then becomes unconscious: it wilts and rots, prohibiting any form of partial recovery of the vegetable. In autumn, one third of the usual Irish harvest is lost. Small Irish farmers are particularly affected because, since the beginning of the nineteenth century, most of their diet is based on the consumption of this commodity. At the time, the social damage of a disastrous harvest could be limited - Ireland had already experienced famine episodes in the 1720s, 1730s and 1810s, for example - but the harvests of the 1846s, 1848s, and 1849s were also decimated. The parasite is not identified as such immediately, preventing it from being contained. The first scientific commission appointed by the government of Robert Peel (1841-1846) in the fall of 1845 refers to the wet and cold climate of the previous summer as responsible for decay.
Under the government of Liberal John Russell (1846-1852), state aid was reduced to a strict minimum. Only soup kitchens allow, for a time, to counteract the most severe effects of undernutrition in some poor people (Soup Kitchen Act, 1846-1847).
The most affected populations are those in western Ireland, as well as County Kerry.
J'ai un oral d'anglais et je voudrais savoir si mon texte traduit comporte encore des erreurs svp
The revolt of the Irish Catholics against Oliver Cromwell led in 1649 a brutal repression and the establishment of Penal laws intended to discriminate them. Among this series of measures, the Property Act established that Catholic lands, instead of being passed on to the eldest son, were to be divided among all the sons of the same family, resulting in a significant decline in farm size and increasing vulnerability of their farmers. To survive, the Irish cultivated mostly potatoes that required little space to grow. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the relative prosperity of the countryside with a mild climate allowed a plot to feed a family properly and the population that in 1801 was between 4 and 5 million. On the other hand, many peasants did not own their land and had to pay rent to a Protestant and British landlord.
Ireland has been a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain Act of Union since 1800, so the organization of public aid is the responsibility of the British Government in London. But the 1840s mark in Britain the triumph of liberal ideology, that of free trade and laissez-faire in economics. The leaders are therefore quite hostile to too much state interventionism. Around 1840 the population density is 84 inhabitants per square km. The population knows a strong growth of 1.6% per year from where a population passing in fifty years from 6 million to 8 million inhabitants. From then on, the plots were too small to feed a family. Farmers who represent the bulk of the population are mostly poor. Indeed, the lands belong to large non-resident Protestant landlords who rent them at high rates.
In the nineteenth century Ireland is home to a relatively wealthy population and this will have a consequence on the measures adopted during the Great Famine.
To what extent the Great Famine can be described as a political, economic and social disorder?
In 1845, "mildew", spreads on Irish crops. Indeed, this parasitic fungus presumably transported by ships coming from North America, reaches Northwest Europe in the summer of 1845. The weather conditions of that summer (rain and wind) contribute to the spread of disease. Its proliferation is rapid, and moisture allows its massive extension to most of the potato plants, food that was once one of the essential foods of homes of the time. Parasitized by late blight, the tuber of the potato then becomes unconscious: it wilts and rots, prohibiting any form of partial recovery of the vegetable. In autumn, one third of the usual Irish harvest is lost. Small Irish farmers are particularly affected because, since the beginning of the nineteenth century, most of their diet is based on the consumption of this commodity. At the time, the social damage of a disastrous harvest could be limited - Ireland had already experienced famine episodes in the 1720s, 1730s and 1810s, for example - but the harvests of the 1846s, 1848s, and 1849s were also decimated. The parasite is not identified as such immediately, preventing it from being contained. The first scientific commission appointed by the government of Robert Peel (1841-1846) in the fall of 1845 refers to the wet and cold climate of the previous summer as responsible for decay.
Under the government of Liberal John Russell (1846-1852), state aid was reduced to a strict minimum. Only soup kitchens allow, for a time, to counteract the most severe effects of undernutrition in some poor people (Soup Kitchen Act, 1846-1847).
The most affected populations are those in western Ireland, as well as County Kerry.
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