2 Réécrivez ces extraits de la biographie de Nelson Mandela en utilisant le passif à chaque fois que c'est possible. Commencez par « Nelson Mandela... »>.
a. The chief of the Thembu people adopted Nelson Mandela when he was 9, after his father's death. A teacher gave him his new first name, Nelson.
b. In 1939, the University College of Fort Hare expelled him because he supported students who had decided to boycott an election. He then studied law in Johannesburg.
c. In 1956, the police arrested him and charged him with treason. They arrested him again in 1963. The court sentenced him to life imprisonment for political offences. They incarcerated him for 27 years. They released him in 1990.
d. The Nobel Committee awarded him and President de Klerk the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. South Africa elected him President in 1994.
a. The chief of the Thembu people adopted Nelson Mandela when he was 9, after his father's death. A teacher gave him his new first name, Nelson.
b. In 1939, the University College of Fort Hare expelled him because he supported students who had decided to boycott an election. He then studied law in Johannesburg.
c. In 1956, the police arrested him and charged him with treason. They arrested him again in 1963. The court sentenced him to life imprisonment for political offences. They incarcerated him for 27 years. They released him in 1990.
d. The Nobel Committee awarded him and President de Klerk the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. South Africa elected him President in 1994.
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Réponse :
a) Nelson Mandela was adopted by the chief of the Thembu people when he was 9, after his father's death. He got a new first name, Nelson which was given by a teacher.
b) In 1939, Nelson Mandela was expelled of the University College of Fort Hare because he supported students who had decided to boycott law in Johannesburg. He then studied law in Johannesburg.
c) In 1956, Nelson Mandela was arrested by the police and charged with treason. He was again arrested by them in 1963. He was sentenced by the Court to life imprisonment for political offences. He was incarcerated for 27 years. He was released in 1990.
d) Nelson Mandela was awarded by the Nobel Committee and President de Klerk with the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. He was elected President by the South Africa in 1994.
Explications :
L'histoire du passif est assez simple ! C'est l'histoire du chat et de la souris :
Le chat mange la souris. C'est de l'actif car le sujet (le chat) fait l'action du verbe (manger).
La souris se fait manger par le chat. C'est du passif car le sujet (la souris) ne fait pas l'action du verbe, mais l'a "subit" (se fait manger).
Cette règle que tu as sûrement déjà vu en français marche aussi en anglais !
Alors ce qu'on te demande dans l'exercice c'est simplement de tourner les phrases afin que le sujet (qui est Nelson Mandela dans la majorité des phrases) "subisse" l'action des verbes. Et ainsi il faut aussi bien conjugué les verbes avec !