Prof Maureen McLaughlin is the president of International Reading Association, know her point of view about teaching students to read in the following text.



1 Reading is a complex process that involves multiple factors including decoding, integrating background experiences, having purposes for reading, and using skills and strategies to construct meaning. The goal of successful reading is comprehension.



2 There are five pillars of literacy - phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. All contribute to reading comprehension. Students need ample opportunity to learn, practise, and use these skills. Researchers report that students' construction of meaning is enhanced when they use a repertoire of reading comprehension strategies, including predicting, self-questioning, visualising, monitoring, summarising, and evaluating.



3 Students have diverse strengths, needs, opportunities and cultural backgrounds. To ensure access and opportunities for all students to become readers and achieve their greatest potential, reading instruction should be differentiated. Differentiated instruction enables us to accommodate the diversity of students' needs. Struggling readers, students with disabilities and dual language learners are examples of students for whom instruction should be differentiated.



4 Reading is essential in the complex, global society in which we live. It is important for personal, social and economic well-being. As literacy professionals, our goal is to teach students to become active, engaged readers, who succeed to their greatest potential.



Disponível em: http://www.bbc.com/news/education-19812961. Acesso em: 29 fev. 2016.



Based on the previous text, consider the following statements:



I) the ultimate goal of teaching reading is to develop the capacity of understanding a text.



II) the students´ profiles should be taken into account in the reading practices at school.



III) the reading ability allows individuals to be integrated to an interconnected world.



IV) the diversity of students´ reading needs may result in uniform teaching practices.



It is only correct what is stated on:


II and III.


I, II and IV.


I, II and III.


I and III.


II, III and IV.